VectorsIn Matlab, you can form arrays of numbers - vectors or matrices - in a straight and intuitive way: >> a = [2 4 6 9 -1 3] means a row vector with values in variable 'a' a = 2 4 6 9 -1 3 The numbers of the array should be separated by spaces (like shown) or commas. If you're working with complex numbers, you must avoid spaces and work only with commas. There are simple ways to create horizontal arrays (row vectors) that increase or decrease in a linear pattern. For example, let's say that you wish to have a vector t to contain eleven values equally spaced from 0 to ¶. You can do this in at least three ways: >> t = [0 .1*pi .2*pi .3*pi .4*pi .5*pi .6*pi .7*pi .8*pi .9*pi pi] >> t = (0 : 0.1 : 1)*pi >> t = linspace(0,pi,11) The Matlab result is exactly the same: t = Columns 1 through 7 0 0.3142 0.6283 0.9425 1.2566 1.5708 1.8850 Columns 8 through 11 2.1991 2.5133 2.8274 3.1416 In the first case, you only place the numbers one by one, which is a very boring way to do it... In the second case, you create an array which starts with 0, an then you increment the value in 0.1 steps until you get to 1. Then, every number is multiplied by ¶. In the third case, you use the linspace function, which has the following arguments: linspace(start_value, end_value, number_of_values) Obviously, the latest two ways are much better than the first way to do it. Vector Construction You create a row vector x specifying the numbers, one by one: x = [1 3 9 33 0 -2] You create a row vector x starting with a first value until you get to a last value, in steps of 1. x = first: last You create a row vector x starting with a first value until you get to a last value, in specified increments. x = first: increment: last You create a row vector x starting with a first value until you get to a last value, in equally spaced n elements. x = linspace(first, last, n) To access each element of the vector you use subscripts. For example, x(1) is the first element of the vector x. To access a group of contiguous elements, you also use subscripts. For example, x(1:5) represents five elements, from element 1 to element 5 of the array. Other examples: x(4 : -1 : 1) represents elements 4, 3, 2 and 1, in this order. x(2 : 2 : 7) represents elements 2, 4, and 6. To work with column vectors, you put a ';' between each element. >> b = [1; 2; 3; 4; 5] b = 1 2 3 4 5 >> You may use the transpose operator ('), to convert a row vector into a column vector. >> a = 1:5 a = 1 2 3 4 5 >> b = a' b = 1 2 3 4 5 >> x=(2:3:15)' x = 2 5 8 11 14 >> From 'Vectors' to home From 'Vectors' to 'Matlab Help Menu'
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